Frozen Sperm And Frozen Eggs - 1382 Words

Over the last few years there have been court battles involving frozen embryos, frozen sperm and frozen eggs. One of the most recent cases is Sofia Vergara and Nick Loeb’s publicized battle over the frozen embryos that they created together in 2013. The decision was made to create the embryos due to Sofia’s age and Nick’s desire to have children. They realized how sophisticated science had become and decided to use the scientific knowledge to their advantage. When they were ready, they would have children together. However, they went their separate ways and a lengthy court battle still pursues on who should have the frozen embryos. Whether it is frozen embryos, frozen sperm or frozen eggs the ethical and legal battle will continue for decades as to whom should retain ownership and make decisions regarding the frozen material. This frozen material at some point has to be removed from the human body and in the case of frozen sperm, sometimes the sperm is collected post-mortem. Post mortem sperm retrieval (PMSR) is the collection of sperm after a male individual has past away. In 1980, the first successful post mortem collection was performed on a 30-year old man who was brain dead after a motor vehicle accident (Strong 739). For sperm preservation to occur the family must be able to convince medical personnel, particularly the hospital’s ethical committee, that that the donor wanted to have children at some point in his life, as the United States has no laws regarding PMSR.Show MoreRelatedBrief Description Of Technology And Assisted Reproductive Technology1453 Words   |  6 Pagesthis involves transferring eggs and sperm into the woman s fallopian tube. Fertilization occurs in the woman s body. However, not many practices offer GIFT as an option. †¢ Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) - this is often used for couples with male factor infertility. Sometimes it is also used for older couples or for those with failed IVF attempts. In ICSI, a single sperm is injected into a mature egg as opposed to typical IVF fertilisation where the egg and sperm are placed in a petri dishRead MoreWhat ´s In Vitro Fertilization Essay845 Words   |  4 Pagesassisted reproductive technologies (ART) used to help infertile couples to take in a child. IVF is a process of fertilising eggs with sperm outside of the human body. Once the eggs are fertilised, the resulting embryos are placed in the woman’s uterus in the hope that a successful pregnancy will follow. IVF is the most effective for of ART. With the IVF process, sperm fertilise the egg in a laboratory, rather than inside the woman’s fallopian tubes. Your chances of having a healthy baby using IVF can beRead MoreThe Birth Of A Child Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pageslea rn that they are not able to conceive a child naturally. When this is the case the couple may seek out another way to have a child, one of their options is In vitro fertilization, or IVF. IVF is the process of fertilizing an egg outside of the body and then implanting the egg in the uterus for the duration of the pregnancy. The process of IVF has become relatively common, with about 165,000 IVF procedures being performed in 2012 according to the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology1. TheRead MoreThe Development Of Vitro Fertilization1266 Words   |  6 Pagespounds, 12 ounces. Before giving birth to Louise, Lesley Brown had suffered years of infertility due to blocked fallopian tubes. In November 1977, she underwent the then-experimental IVF procedure. A mature egg was removed from one of her ovaries and combined in a laboratory dish with her husband’s sperm to form an embryo. The embryo then was implanted into her uterus a few days later. Her IVF doctors, British gynecologist Patrick Steptoe and scientist Robert Edwards, had begun their pioneering collaborationRead MoreDrinking Embryos1118 Words   |  5 PagesA little girl, who is yet to be named, was made using an embryo that was frozen 18 years before by a hospital in Shanghai. In 1988, The mother of the baby, named Huang Qiong who was 27 years old at the time had trouble getting pregnant as she had been diagnosed with blocked fallopian tubes and was undergoing fertility treatment. So Huang decided to have her embryo frozen. During those years, she experienced two failed frozen embryo transfers both times and had also failed one fresh embryo transferRead More The Hidden Dangers of In Vitro Fertilization Essay679 Words   |  3 PagesThe Hidden Dangers of In Vitro Fertilization    In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)involves giving a woman drugs to induce ovulation and then harvesting (collecting) those mature eggs through a laparoscope. The man masturbates to collect the semen. Then, the semen and ova are mixed in a dish, where fertilization may occur. Then the tiny, new embryonic human(s) are put into the cavity of the womans uterus with the hope that they will plant and grow. Other sophisticated techniques having the same purposeRead MoreIvf, The Procedure, Risks And Complications Of Ivf Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pageswill discuss the history of IVF, the procedures, risks and complications of IVF. Lastly what alternative procedures other than IVF there are to assist child birth? In Vitro Fertilization is a fertility procedure in which medical physicians remove eggs from the ovaries of a female, fertilize them in a laboratory, and then replace the embryos back into the female’s uterus where they implant and growth begins. (Kamel 2013) The first successfully delivered baby through IVF was Louise Brown on July 25Read MoreStages of In Vitro Ferlization Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesIn Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a procedure in which an egg (oocyte) from a woman’s ovaries is removed and separately fertilized with male sperm in a laboratory before being implanted into the woman’s fallopian tubes. 1 2 The first stage of IVF is called superovulation. Follicles are structures within which the oocyte develops, in order to retrieve multiple follicles several hormone and drug combinations are administered. Consequently, the ovary stops function and allows the follicles to ripen atRead MoreFailed Vasectomy Reversal Ivf Success Story1001 Words    |  5 Pagescouple’s inability to conceive. Fertility tests ordered by Dr. Shapiro quickly revealed sperm quantity and quality issues related to the failed vasectomy reversal, as well as the fact that Jessica had a blocked fallopian tube and age-related egg quality issues. Dr. Shapiro’s solution: IVF with frozen embryo transfer. â€Å"We were surprised to learn we had one bum tube, egg quality issues and not enough sperm,† Jessica says. â€Å"We had just figured we were going to be able to have kids when we were readyRead MoreVitro Fertilization Is An Acceptable Option For Christian Couples1369 Words   |  6 Pagesunethically, it is a viable option for Christian couples. IVF is a process where eggs are collected from the woman and sperm is collected from the man. The eggs and sperm are then mixed together in a laboratory where some or all of the eggs are fertilized. The couple and their doctor then decide how many of the fertilized eggs (embryos) to implant in the woman while the rest are frozen for possible future use. The embryos are put in a solution and injected into the woman’s uterus using

Analysis Of The Movie The Crucible Essay - 1625 Words

On September 15, 2016 at Murfreesboro Little Theatre I saw The Crucible. I have had a lot of experience with this particular play. I have seen the movie along with reading and acting out the play. I had high expatiations when going to see The Crucible live. For the most part I was not disappointed, they had terrific actors who knew each and every line, and play the part as if they had lived it each and every day. Though the acting was magnificent and believable I was rather disappointed with the lack of time they had to produce the play. Due to time issues they left a few of the main parts out: the beginning that starts it all when all the girls are in the woods dancing, saying spells, drinking blood, and even running around naked. Along with them dancing in the woods they left out a crucial part and that is what happened to Betty and why she was lying in bed unresponsive. The next part they left out was the main event in the courtroom when the girls started to scream out the name of towns people, faint and go cold because they supposedly saw the evil bewitchers. After leaving out the courtroom they then left out the pressing of Giles Corey; last but not least the very ending, when John Proctor is to be carried off and hung for not admitting to witch craft. The Crucible has significant history behind it, due to the fact that is based on real life events. http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/crucible/context.html stated, that â€Å"Arthur Miller was born in New York City on October 17,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Crucible 1015 Words   |  5 Pages Two months later, congratulatory applause deafened the newly christened law offices of Rearin McKinley Attorneys-at-Law. Finally, a junior partner had made it to managing partner; Conor McKinley now occupied Mr Hardwood’s former office. Conor smiled as he thought to himself, I can’t believe I’ve made this far. Standing next to Conor s side was a beaming Bailiff Bob. Both wore matching wedding bands. Nothing would stop this power couple, now. Among those in attendance were former Judge RicardoRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Crucible 1256 Words   |  6 Pages The school day finished without a further peep from Gideon, to Judy’s surprise. She bid Angie a good-bye as the ocelot was picked up by her parents. Judy smiled, as her best friend climbed into the back seat, waving to her all the way to the end of the lot. Judy was about to make her way to the car until a large paw grabbed her mouth and made is so she couldn’t scream, another went around her waist picking her up. She was thrown again a metal pole, what she presumed to be the tetherball pole thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 961 Words   |  4 Pages Movie paper analysis of The crucible The circumstance brought upon a person can change them greatly. The Crucible edited and rewritten by Arthur Miller, is a movie which takes place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The leading actors are Daniel Day-Lewis as Proctor, Winona Ryder as Abigail, Paul Scofield as Judge Danforth, Joan Allen as Elizabeth, Bruce Davison as Parris, and Rob Campbell as Hale. It was directed by Nicholas Hytner and was Based on the witch hunt which surrounded MassachusettsRead MoreEvolution Of The Witch From Early American Literature1609 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent stories and adaptations about the monster that is the witch. From one folktale, to a book, to a movie there are slight differences that make each interpretation very unique. The stereotype is, people think that witches have green skin, big noses, and that they fly on brooms with pointy hats. However, if we completely examine the different texts such as The Conjuring or The Crucible, we can see that certain events in that time mi ght have had an influence on the portrayal of the witch. MostRead MoreThe Crucible by Arthur Miller993 Words   |  4 Pagessemester. However, one of my personal favorites is The Crucible. I was able to uncover many themes from this play such as secret sin, lies and deceit, and religion. The Crucible stood out to me from the rest of the plays. I was able to relate to it on a greater scale than the others, and the story behind the Crucible interested me very much. Also I notice a theme of secret sin. I thoroughly enjoyed reading this play as well as watching the movie. In research, I have read numerous facts on the SalemRead MoreA Reflection On The Assessment Of Leadership And Collaboration1666 Words   |  7 PagesSummative Analysis Both of the educators I observed this semester presented great examples of each of the learning outcomes. The educators varied in styles of their practices, but both educators want to achieve the same goal with their students. Mr. Cornutt from Saks High School likes to practice open class discussions with his students and wants the students to feel comfortable explaining their personal observations in a public setting. Mrs. Morgan from White Plains High School practicesRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1052 Words   |  5 PagesTheatre, which provided work for unemployed writers, actors, directors, and designers. Miller s creative writing career span was over a sixty year span and during this time, Miller had written twenty-six plays. He wrote The Crucible in 1953 then later wrote the screenplay for the movie version which was produced in 1996 (CliffNotes, Authur Miller Biography). Miller s first play to make it to Broadway was in 1944. It was The Man Who Had All the Luck but it was a disheartening failure, closing afterRead MoreThe Crucible By John Proctor849 Words   |  4 Pages The Crucible Analysis: Is John Proctor a tragic hero based on Aristotle`s definition of a tragic hero An array of Aristotelian tragic heroes can be found throughout American literature. One of which includes John Proctor, main character farmer in mid-30s, from Arthur Miller s play, The Crucible. Yet, in order for him to obtain such a title he must possess specific characteristics. Five of which include possession of hubris, a flaw or decision leading to desire for revenge, a reversal of goodRead MoreThe Crucible Is Still Relevant Today1971 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"The Crucible,† a play by Arthur Miller later turned into a major Hollywood movie, explores the politics of fear, social norms, and the fight to recapture a man’s moral compass. Miller paints his story using the small tight knit community of Salem circa 1692 as his canvass, brilliantly weaving historical fact and fiction to portray a scenario not unlike events seen since. The infamous witch hunts of 1692 and wild accusations of a subversive culture that threatened to tear away at the fabric ofRead MoreLead ership : The Truth About Leadership1443 Words   |  6 Pageswith credibility. Building your framework as a leader your trust is built by showing you are reliable, communicate clearly, treat promises seriously and don’t deceive others. The seventh truth will strengthen your leadership, â€Å"challenge is the crucible for greatness†. Work yourself through a challenge strengthen your leadership. Welcome the challenge and know that if you fail, you will learn from the mistakes. Truth eight is â€Å"you either lead by example or you don’t lead at all†. Your statements

Anatomy †Structure of the Pancreas Free Essays

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY: Structure of the Pancreas The pancreas is an elongated organ that lies behind and below the stomach. This mixed gland contains both exocrine and endocrine tissues. The predominant exocrine part consists of grape-like clusters of secretory cells that form sacs known as acini, which connect to ducts that eventually empty into the the first portion of the intestine called duodenum. We will write a custom essay sample on Anatomy – Structure of the Pancreas or any similar topic only for you Order Now The smaller part of the gland consists of isolated islands of endocrine tissue known as islets of Langerhans which are dispersed throughout the pancreas. Hormones Secreted by the Pancreas The most important hormones secreted by the pancreas are insulin and glucagon. Both play a role in proper metabolism of sugars and starches in the body. Insulin promotes the movement of glucose and other nutrients out of the blood and into cells. When blood glucose rises, insulin, released from the beta cells causes glucose to enter body cells to be used for energy. Also, it sometimes stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver. Another pancreatic hormone, glucagon, promotes the movement of glucose into the blood when glucose levels are below normal. It causes the breakdown of stored liver glycogen to glucose, so that the sugar content of blood leaving the liver rises. Insulin is a hormone central to regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. Insulin causes cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissue to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle. Insulin stops the use of fat as an energy source by inhibiting the release of glucagon. With the exception of the metabolic disorder diabetes mellitus and Metabolic syndrome, insulin is provided within the body in a constant proportion to remove excess glucose from the blood, which otherwise would be toxic. When blood glucose levels fall below a certain level, the body begins to use fat as an energy source through glycogenolysis, for example, by transfer of lipids from adipose tissue to the liver for mobilization as an energy source. As its level is a central metabolic control mechanism, its status is also used as a control signal to other body systems (such as amino cid uptake by body cells). In addition, it has several other anabolic effects throughout the body. Glucagon, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, raises blood glucose levels. Its effect is opposite that of insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. [1] The pancreas releases glucagon when blood sugar (glucose) levels fall too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is re leased into the bloodstream. Glucagon raises blood glucose levels. High blood glucose levels stimulate the release of insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be taken up and used by insulin-dependent tissues. Thus, glucagon and insulin are part of a feedback system that keeps blood glucose levels at a stable level. Glucagon belongs to a family of several other related hormones. Somatostatin (also known as growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH) or somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF)) is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibition of the release of numerous secondary hormones. Function of the Pancreas The pancreas is largely responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels. The normal clinical range of blood glucose levels is 70 to 150 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter). The pancreas can measure blood sugar and if it is high or low, the pancreas releases a hormone to correct the level. Blood glucose must be maintained at a certain level for cells to neither gain or lose water. HEALTH TEACHING 1. Teach the patient sign and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia 2. Teach the patients about medication purpose, dosage, route, and possible side effects of all prescribed medications. . In patients with self-administer insulin, demonstrate patient the appropriate preparation and administration techniques. 4. Teach to the patient signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and emphasize the need for safety precautions because neuropathy decreased sensation can hide sense injuries 5. Tell to the patient the Prognosis of Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin resistance increases with age, After the fi rst few years of treatment, the majority of people with type 2 diabetes require more than one medicine to keep their blood sugar controlled 6. Teach the patient how to manage diabetes when he has a minor illness, such as a cold, or flu. 7. To encourage compliance with lifestyle changes, emphasize how blood glucose control affects long-term health. 8. Teach the patient how to care for his feet. 9. Advise him to wear comfortable, nonconstricting shoes and never to walk barefoot 10. To prevent diabetes, teach people at high risk to avoid risk factors †for example, maintaining proper weight and exercising regularly, teach to patients you can help to prevent type 2 diabetes by maintaining your ideal body weight, especially if you have a family history of diabetes. Diet and exercise have been shown to delay the onset of diabetes in people who are in the early stages of insulin resistance. If you already have been diagnosis Diabetes Mellitus type 2, you can delay or prevent complications by keeping tight control of your blood sugar. 11. Advise patients to have annual ophthalmologic examinations for early detection of diabetic retinopathy 12. Encourage the patient and his family to obtain additional information about Diabetes mellitus from nearby Diabetic foundations. How to cite Anatomy – Structure of the Pancreas, Papers

Business Ethics for Ethical Concerns of the Communities Solution

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics for Ethical Concerns of the Communities? Answer: Introduction This report focuses on the ethical concerns of the communities in which BP (British Petroleum) perates. It operates in Europe, North America, South America, Asia-Pacific and Africa and Middle East. The Corporate Social Responsibility of BP is discussed in this article. Various terminologies like CSR, pressure groups, communities have been explained. Pipeline blowup in Turkey incident is studied and the reaction of the company is noted down. Alternative impact of this company on society has also been pointed out. The effect on environment, tourism, ecology and pollution has been further discussed in the assignment. Moreover the assignment discusses the laws and Regulations governing the company. Company background British Petroleum is a Multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London. This company operates in petrochemicals, refining, power generation, trading and exploration of oil and gas. This company operates in the field of generation of Wind power and Bio fuels. This Company produces 3.2mn barrels per day and has a reserve of 17.9bn barrels. This company has recorded total assets of US $261.8 billion at the end of 2015 (Nwf.org 2016).However in the past the company was involved in various health and safety violations. Key terms Corporate Social Responsibility: This means the responsibility of the company towards community and ecological and social environment in which it operates. Company can express their responsibility through: contributing towards education and social causes, earning decent amount in employed resources and checking the waste and pollution (Pilcher et al. 2014) Figure 1: Diagram showing CSR responsibilities (Source: Allan et al. 2012). Globalization: This is an ongoing process of linking countries, regions, information cities and neighborhoods. The lives of the people are intertwined by the foods they eat, the music they listen to and the clothes they wear. This process has lead to the word Global Village and made the world a smaller place. Barriers of national and international boundaries are slowly diminishing. This has increased international flow of goods and services, information through internet services and free exchange of cultures and music (Cleveland and Saundry 2016). Communities: This means a social unit of any size sharing common values, ethics or a staying at a particular geographical area. Normally communities refer to national, international or virtual communities. Communities can be of various size and types ranging from art, housing, place, purpose to rural communities. This helps to share ideas of common interest, pleasure, task or sheer entertainment. Bonding happens very well within a community because of same type of ideologies and thinking (Schwacke et al. 2013). Pressure groups: Group which does not stand in an election but influences government policy or legislations are called pressure groups. They are also known as lobby groups or interest groups. This group is active in many fields Corporate, media, entertainment and many others. Lobby group in corporate sector is quite common. Many hedge fund managers like Carl Icahn, Bill Auckman are known to be corporate lobbyists (Pilcher et al. 2014). They persuade the government to change their course of actions as per their will. Deep Water Disaster Deep water disaster or Gulf of Mexico started on 20/04/2010 in the Gulf of Mexico (Dosomething.org 2016). After the explosion and sinking of Deep Water Horizon oil rig, a sea bed oil gusher floated for 87 days and eventually it was capped on 15/07/2010. Eleven people died and this is considered to be the largest oil spill of human history. The well was eventually sealed on 19/08/2010. Investigation revealed that oil was still leaking from the well several years after also. This event massively affected marine life and fishing. This event affected dolphins very much. They died at record numbers and the infant dolphins died six times the normal rate. Investigations revealed that cementing on the oil well was faulty and there was also the fault of rig operator According to Allan et al. 2012, various methods were used to address spilled oil problems. Leaked oil was of a heavier blend containing Asphalt like substances. This type of oil does not evaporate well and cannot be rinsed off. Microbes cannot eat out those particles also. Louisiana island barrier plan was constructed to keep off the oil particles from the island. $220 mn was spent on this project. It was termed more of a political move than a scientific move. A big volume of oil dispersant was used. This method provided short term benefits. Although the use of was highly controversial. Military aircrafts were used to spray 1.1 million gallons of dispersant. Previously unknown species of bacteria was released into the ocean. Later on, it was found that the microbes mainly digested the natural gas spewing out of the oil rather than the oil itself. So, it was found to be ineffective. This company acted under the guidance of the federal government. People affected by the oil disaster were compensated. Health, safety and the welfare of the large number of residents affected by the oil spill were taken care of. This company supported the economic recovery of the seafood and Tourism industry of the Gulf Coast area. Pipeline Blowup in Turkey This incident happened over the town of Refahiye. Cameras and Sensors were fitted on the pipeline to monitor every step of 1099 miles of journey. When the explosion happened, none of the sensors send distress signal and the camera recorded nothing unusual. This event is suspected to be the work of computer hackers and the government blamed a malfunction while BP started running the pipeline within 3 weeks. Reaction to this incidence was mixed. Turkish Media blamed one extremist group called Kurdistan Worker Party. Government blamed a malfunction while BP started operations after 3weeks. One section of media blamed the computer hackers for hacking software. This event closed down fuel exports thus stopping fuel supply to Turkey. Reaction of BP- BP evacuated 212 workers from the site. They shutdown 2 oil fields and output was cut down by 500000 barrels a day. BP was not able to normalize production for months. Initially, the partners of BP were not informed about this incidence. But they came to know about it later on. Former CEO Tony Hayward blamed a bad cementing job by the contractors (Dosomething.org 2016). Alternative Impact on Community. Oil spilling is a major pollution creating process. In case of oil split this company, must ensure that oil particles must not reach shore and massively affect the marine life. Booms, which are an effective tool to contain or divert oil spills, can be effectively used to check oil spill. This can be recovered using skimmers or burned off later. Dispersants are an effective tool to break up an oil slick into small particles which then gets mixed with the water. Smaller oil particles are bio degradable and helps reduce the massive loss of sensitive marine life. Most importantly the tools and techniques that are used should be maintained at a regular interval .BP must have an emergency department having well stocked dispersants and boom. Implications and Ethical Concerns of Community In case of Deep Water Disaster, not only the local community was affected but also this effected nearby communities also. Community was worried because the quantity of oil spill was huge. Residents were evacuated from the locality, as this event created health dangers to the residents. People, whose life depended on fishing, were badly affected. Tonnes of marine animals were found floating. Tourism industry was also badly affected. No tourists would like to visit an affected area. The livelihood of the community was at danger. Oil slick flowed across borders and affected other countries also. Oil spills entered the bodies of marine animals which in turn affected human health. Affecting Currently. People suffered toxic effects like, respiratory, neurological and ocular. People are still suffering from headache, nausea, nose, and eye and ear irritation. Local area and other affected areas still do not get enough tourist visits. Affecting in future. Health will remain a issue in the future also. Marine life will take more than a decade to recover. Bad ecological impact will continue to exist in the future also. Tourism industry may recover in the near future but government has to take initiatives to promote this industry. Involvement, Support and Reaction. Disasters like Deepwater crisis, Turkey blow up are of huge level. One organization cannot be blamed for this disaster. In the case of Deepwater crisis, Company was obviously at fault, but government lacked proper regulatory measures. BP has a good connection with the Federal Government and they lobbied government as per their own will to increase profitability. Other agencies like UN, UNESCO and WTO have a role to play in this kind of crisis. Mere protest from one agency is not enough to stop a giant corporation like BP. Various Laws, Policies and Agreements are in place to prevent such kind of manmade disasters. Agencies like Disaster Risk Reduction, National Department of Civil Protection, and United Nations commission for Refugees. Summarization Deep water disaster and Turkey blowup incidence was a major event. It impacted local and global communities. Marine life, tourism were badly affected. The CSR of this company ranges across Safety, Environment and Society. Safety of employees, local communities and taking care of the environment and Society are the main priorities of BP. After the disasters, BP became more sensitive towards society and environment. Recap of Company reaction. According to Allan et al. (2012), BP took urgent measures to control disaster. 212 employees were evacuated, affected people were compensated and health benefit facilities were provided to affected people. BP was ethical in what they did. But BP should have extra cautious on their act. Instead of being profit making institute, they could have been more sensitive. Impact Overall impact could have been huge if BP was more sensitive towards its approach. Even if a disaster happened, the impact of disaster would have been lessened. Communities both local and global would have been saved. Many people lost their livelihood because of this disaster. Conclusion BP being a multinational company could have averted such a disaster by taking extra pre caution beforehand. BP has updated their CSR after disasters. No such crisis has come up ever since. BP is sensitive towards the issues of environment and society. BP will be extra careful in the future to avert such incidence. References Allan, S.E., Smith, B.W. and Anderson, K.A., 2012. Impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Gulf of Mexico coastal waters.Environmental science technology,46(4), pp.2033-2039. Cleveland, and Saundry, (2016).Deepwater Horizon oil spill. [online] Eoearth.org. Available at: https://www.eoearth.org/view/article/161185/ [Accessed 26 Feb. 2016]. Dosomething.org, (2016).11 Facts About the BP Oil Spill | DoSomething.org | Volunteer for Social Change. [online] Available at: https://www.dosomething.org/facts/11-facts-about-bp-oil-spill [Accessed 26 Feb. 2016]. Felder, D.L., Thoma, B.P., Schmidt, W.E., Sauvage, T., Self-Krayesky, S.L., Chistoserdov, A., Bracken-Grissom, H.D. and Fredericq, S., 2014. Seaweeds and decapod crustaceans on Gulf deep banks after the Macondo oil spill.BioScience,64(9), pp.808-819. Nwf.org, (2016).How Does the BP Oil Spill Impact Wildlife and Habitat? - National Wildlife Federation. [online] Available at: https://www.nwf.org/What-We-Do/Protect-Habitat/Gulf-Restoration/Oil-Spill/Effects-on-Wildlife.aspx [Accessed 26 Feb. 2016]. Osofsky, H.J., Osofsky, J.D., Wells, J.H. and Weems, C., 2014. Integrated care: Meeting mental health needs after the Gulf oil spill.Psychiatric Services. Pilcher, W., Miles, S., Tang, S., Mayer, G. and Whitehead, A., 2014. Genomic and genotoxic responses to controlled weathered-oil exposures confirm and extend field studies on impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on native killifish.PloS one,9(9), p.e106351. Reddy, C.M., Arey, J.S., Seewald, J.S., Sylva, S.P., Lemkau, K.L., Nelson, R.K., Carmichael, C.A., McIntyre, C.P., Fenwick, J., Ventura, G.T. and Van Mooy, B.A., 2012. Composition and fate of gas and oil released to the water column during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,109(50), pp.20229-20234. Response.restoration.noaa.gov, (2016).Oil and Chemical Spills/Significant Incidents/Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. [online] Available at: https://response.restoration.noaa.gov/deepwater-horizon-oil-spill [Accessed 26 Feb. 2016]. Schwacke, L.H., Smith, C.R., Townsend, F.I., Wells, R.S., Hart, L.B., Balmer, B.C., Collier, T.K., De Guise, S., Fry, M.M., Guillette Jr, L.J. and Lamb, S.V., 2014. Correction to Health of Common Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, Louisiana Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill.Environmental science technology,48(17), pp.10528-10528. Schwacke, L.H., Smith, C.R., Townsend, F.I., Wells, R.S., Hart, L.B., Balmer, B.C., Collier, T.K., De Guise, S., Fry, M.M., Guillette Jr, L.J. and Lamb, S.V., 2013. Health of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.Environmental science technology,48(1), pp.93-103. the Guardian, (2016).BP oil spill | Environment | The Guardian. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/bp-oil-spill [Accessed 26 Feb. 2016].

Cultural Imperialism And The Olympic Games Essays -

Cultural Imperialism And The Olympic Games Cultural Imperialism and the Olympic Games Virtually since their resumption in 1896, every four years the press is filled with complaints about the intrusion of power politics into the Olympic games. David B. Kanin has commented that while we are told that international Olympic system idealizes and promotes fair play and sportsmanship and ameliorates struggle, hatred, and petty jealously through structured competition and international goodwill, the realist is that international sport thrives on the very politics Olympic publicists decry (Kanin 1). Nevertheless, the games are more or less 'political', than anything else. Ninety-five percent of the problems faced by IOC's president Killian involved national and international politics (Senn x). Further, it can be argued that what could be called 'cultural imperialism' has influenced and even shaped the games. Cultural imperialism at times facilitates inclusion of sporting events reflecting a host nations area of expertise or de-emphasizing sports that are popular with nations n ot in political favor. The following report will explore this issue up until the World War II games. The Olympic Games and the Olympic system have become, in some critical ways, actors on the global political stage. Senn proves this point when he states, Rather than being an autonomous institution into which politics creep uninvited, the Games and international sport themselves play a significant role in international politics as they embody conflict and tension (Senn xii). However, others disagree stating that they view sport as a transnational rather than international phenomenon. This suggests the competition brings together non-governmental groups and organizations independently of the governments of the world (Senn xii). This leads to the question of why Americans even got involved in the Olympic Games. Bob Fulton believes that when Pierre de Coubertan was first introducing the revived Games, American athletes and athletic associations were not particularly interested in participation. They often felt that the Games were little more than an historical relic best left forgotten. Appeals to sportsmanship and the potential of the Games to foster understanding among diverse peoples (leading to world peace and harmony) were disregarded (Fulton 52-58). Only when American athletes began to do well in the Olympics did a majority of other athletes and organizations decide that participation has some real benefit. Therefore, it is suggested that political as well as competitive motives fostered American involvement. American involvement in the Games, has had many long lasting effects on the Olympic system. It has been stated that Western sports and ideals have dominated many facets of the Olympics. Ruud Stockvis, a Dutch sociologist, states the popularity of any given sport in any given country depends upon the development of the positions of economic and political power among the nations of the world system (Guttmann 173). The United States is one of the largest Hegemons in the world, therefore, cultural imperialism is dominant in many of their sports and other Western nations. For example, baseball, basketball, American football, lacrosse, are some of the most popular sports all over the world. However, many nations have taken American sports and adopted them to suit their culture (Guttmann 174). For instance, Canadians have taken to a version of gridiron football and even imported American players (Guttmann 175). On the contrary, the United States has taken sports from other countries. Years after baseball became Cuba's national game, jai-lai became popular among Americans (Guttmann 175). Lastly, there have been examples of extreme cultural imperialism in the past. British missionaries had forced peoples of Asia, Africa, and India to play cricket and soccer football against their will. It was an effort to Christianize these native peoples and force western values and culture upon them (Guttmann 177). Proof that the games have become an attraction for showcasing the skills, expertise, and talents of athletes from specific countries (either hosts allowed under the system to add events or powers influential in defining the scope of the games) can be easily demonstrated. Also, certain cultural values have been forced into the Games and its ceremonies. These types of actions are another form of cultural imperialism affecting the Olympics. For example, we can consider the following: ? In 1912, Christian worship was introduced and conducted in the stadium as part of the opening ceremony. It later

Cancer Research Essays

Cancer Research Essays Cancer Research Essay Cancer Research Essay Both the Cancer Research advert and Children in need use a variety of characters from different backgrounds/ wealth. This is to show that the charity they are advertising for caters for everybody and not a particular class of wealth. In the Cancer Research advert there are two main backgrounds shown. The first is of a boy in a very bleak council type house surrounded by dull furniture and the second is of a mother in a very bright, bedroom decorated with plush fabric and furniture. However, one thing that stays the same in each situation is a wooden clean mirror. This mirror signifies the precious relationships between a mother and daughter. By keeping this the same it shows that this relationship can form in any house, place or part of the country. Music plays a vital role in most adverts in todays world. If a well-known song from a popular artist is used in an advert then the amount of concentration from the audience is increased. A typical example of this is the company Levi. They, after 2 years of small sales, inherited this idea and used a song from the Beatles to accompany one of their adverts. This increased the attention from the audience and boosted sales. However music is also used to create an particular emotion like in both of the adverts I am comparing. The two charities I took adverts from both try and help to improve a persons life in both health and social needs. They deal with suffering and pain which a strong sad emotion. By using slow sorrowful songs to accompany these adverts it makes the audience feel the emotion of what people are going through. Charities use this in their advert as good tactic to increase their support from the general public and to increase donations as well feel sorry for these people. Similarly to the involvement of music, adverts often show scenes of high emotion or people with a particular problems. By involving this, it pulls on the heartstrings of the audience and encourages them donate of support that charity. This is shown in the Children in need. This advert is based on lots of children however in middle of this there is only specific child who portrays the emotion. This child is a little boy with speech problems and possibly a mental disorder. Although the boy says very little the effort he uses to say this is and his feeling of happiness when he has completed what he wants to say is shown. By using both the previous techniques of emotive music and action, it encourages the audience to make and impulse donation based on the scenes they have just experienced. At the end of both these adverts there is a number for people to ring in order to donate. This number is displayed on the screen for amount 5 seconds so that the audience can acknowledge this and remember it. Charities often chose easy numbers to remember to help the audience and encourage them to donate. In the Children in Need advert there is just a statement, picture and telephone number in the final picture frame. The telephone number is shown in bold types with the statement Raise a smile slightly smaller. By doing this is shows the simplicity of donating and most charities survive from impulse donations. The length of an advert often shows its success rate. Both adverts I am comparing have an average length of 30 seconds. In advertising time and space is at a premium and you dont waste time with too much text nor do you waste money with an advert that needs to be huge. Both the adverts I am comparing keep the audiences attention due to their suitable length and the technique of displaying a reactant for more than one sense at a time. The Cancer Research advert uses this by including a voice over whilst emotive pictures are being shown. Not only does this save time but it enhances the audiences emotion and encourages them to help. All adverts use persuasive devices and these often appear in the form of a guilt trip. Although it is very subtle in the Cancer Research advert this techniques is used. The last thing that the voice over says, in this advert is:  Please make a donation so that more people can stay together.  This statement plays on this guilt of the audience and makes them feel that if they dont donate to this charity, people will be losing there closest friends and family quicker than they would if you did donate. There is also an element of fear involved. It suggests that it could happen to anybody even the audience themselves. Both the Cancer Research and Children in Need adverts are designed to appeal to one type of person, like every other advert on television. In this case they appeal to mothers and children. The creators of these adverts use stereotypes to help the audiences relate with what is happening on screen. This is shown in the Cancer Research advert. Both a stereotypical mother and child are used. Many different adverts appeal to different people. For example this could be to Mainstreamers who seek security in being the same as other people or Aspirers who want status and buy hi-tech goods in order to improve their image. In this case both these adverts are aimed at Reformers who want to make the world a better place. In conclusion there are many ways adverts can portray a statement whether it be advertising a product or helping a charity. By choosing characters from a variety of backgrounds a producer can make the advert appeal to a variety of people. Use of emotive sound and imaging can enhance an audiences view of the product or statement and can lead to them either purchasing or donating towards this item. Adverts with a basic story, short length and clear information will often appeal to the audience and help them to keep their concentration. Both the Cancer Research and Children in need advert display these qualities. I found these adverts effective because they were able to portray the feelings and emotions of the people in need. This then encouraged me to do something about it. By showing me images of the people the money would help I felt that I should donate and help these people. I think both these adverts are extremely effective and portray the message of helping others well.

Collateral mortgage obligations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 16250 words

Collateral mortgage obligations - Essay Example This descriptive research aimed at studying the numerous valuation methodologies of prepayment speeds with Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMO) tranches in order to analyze the importance of these valuation methods in dealing with the complexities of the current economic scenes. The chief objective of the study mainly scrutinized the relevance of these CMOs to the current economic situations. Collateralized Mortgage Obligations have been referred to as claims that arise from cash flows from large pools of home mortgages. The CMOs are designed such that principals and interests once received from mortgage holders are distributed to the tranches. As debt derivatives, they provide retail and institutional investors the possibility of higher yields with a Standard & Poor ratings AA or AAA ratings. CMO present interest rate risk, as well as prepayment risk that make it very sensitive. The 2007 financial bubble was one of the reasons that led to the decline in CMOs due to their inabil ity to prevent the above mentioned risks. Therefore, the study set out to establish a standardized valuation model for CMO retail custodian platforms using historical data from FNMA, collection of empirical data from direct observation and unstructured questionnaires from the FINRA firms. From the investigation of the two major forms of valuation, namely ‘Fixed-rate mortgage’ and ‘adjustable –rate credit valuation’ methodologies, it was possible to actually determine a standard valuation of a five-tranche CMO that can be applied to the pricing model. This proposed quantitative descriptive research study discusses the various valuation methodologies of prepayment speeds with Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMO) tranches and analyzes the way the prevalent valuation methods are useful in current complex economic scenarios. The objective of this study is primarily to examine the applicability of various methods of valuation for pricing the CMOs so as to determine their

Analysis of Breastfeeding Baby Advertisement Essay - 15

Analysis of Breastfeeding Baby Advertisement - Essay Example This research is being carried out to evaluate and present the advertisement in which the image composed of a baby being nursed by his or her mother.   The image was originally used to advertise Oreo cookies but the attention was instead drawn to the baby and the mother’s breast.     Due to the powerful image showed during the awards gathering event, the ad was leaked to the public albeit it was never intended to be shown to the public’s eyes.   The ad which was originally intended to sell Oreo cookies also became an advocacy material for breastfeeding mothers.   This evidences the powerful emotional appeal of the ad that it transcended from a mere commercial device to an advocacy material. The image of a baby sucking his or her mother’s breast is so compelling and raw that we cannot help but be drawn to it because it touches the humanity in us. Especially when the baby seemed to be looking at us making the image to appear interactive. The emotional app eal of the image is so powerful that the cookie is ignored by the audience. There may be a lot of people who may find the image disturbing or even obscene and improper but one cannot readily dismiss it because it is made by advertising professionals. At the onset, one may be revolted or find the image inappropriate but when one looks closely and notice that the image is created by a reputable advertising agency, the audience tends to look for its meaning. They will inadvertently assure themselves that the professionals who made this did not only use the image to stir a controversy but they must have a message to tell. The credibility of the creators as professionals shielded the ad from dismissal and even undue judgment and instead take it in a positive light. Had this been created by an unknown person, the picture may have been dismissed as disrespectful to the breastfeeding mothers. But since it is created by an advertising agency, it was taken seriously to the point of being used as an advocacy material. People may disagree with the image but the creator used logical approach or logos to convey a straightforward message that this how babies should be fed. People may not like it but one cannot deny it. It cannot be dismissed as inappropriate because there is no other way to feed a baby. The image only showed how babies are fed which is logical.

Kitchenware Products Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Kitchenware Products - Essay Example The study results shows that the new product has great chances of recording high sells and profits within the target market. Nevertheless, this success is possible only if the company considers what is needed most by the customers. It was found that most customers would be looking at the overall superiority of the new product. Leo Wahl established the Kitchenware Products Company in the year 1919. Since inception, the company has been a leader in the production of quality kitchen utensils mainly from stainless steel. In addition, the company has been a major producer of simple electrical appliances for kitchen use. Currently, the Kitchenware Products Company operates within an organizational tradition of superior customer service, innovation, and superior quality. Wahl keeps on changing to a new and a better ways of effectively meeting the needs of their customers. With such efforts and frequent changes, the company ensured that products are continuously developed to meet the needs of the current modern households as it is required in product development processes (Bhote, 1996). Wahl is a brand with a global presence and trust. This brand is based on the company’s founder, Leo Wahl. As at now, the company operates in an estimated 165 countries throughout the world. The company is currently consider ing the manufacturing and marketing of a new product; a new type of curving knife. The company has done a general approximation, and the results indicate that 40,000 units of the new product will be sold during the first year. This sales quantity is projected to increase by an average of 10% in the preceding years. The variable costs for every production unit have been approximated in three ways. The variable cost of; a raw material per unit is 3.00, packaging is 0.90 per unit, distribution is 1.00 per unit, and direct labor is 2.00 per unit. The value of currency is in pounds. The company has

Functions of Human Resources in Organisations

Functions of Human Resources in Organisations Executive Summary In this assignment, discuss about the functions of the Human Resource Department in an organization. As per case study, Reed Boardall is a typical company. It has 700 plus employees. This company does not have a HR department. In this assignment there are four sections: 1st section is the introduction of the Human Resource Department. HR department is a department to settle personnel problem of an organization. HR department is the bridge of management and employees. In 2nd section, regarding the study case, Reed Boardall decided not have HR department in his company, so there are advantage and disadvantage of his decision. For advantage of Chief Executive Keith Boardall’s decision, not having HR department, can save up the money to pay the HR department staff, aim for cost saving. Simplified the management level, prevent unnecessary bureaucracy. Without HR Department, save up time to solve conflict. If some conflicts occur between employees, line manager can solve immediately, no need to pass through the HR department and analysis or investigate. For disadvantage of Chief Executive Keith Boardall’s decision, not having HR department, will occur some problem regarding on employee relation, employment development and hiring process. In 3rd ections discuss of function HR department. They plan the manpower the organization. HR department arrange the training for employee and the development plan for the employees, determined wages of the employees. Arrange performance appraisal once or twice a year to analysis and offer a promotion to good employees. Establish the organization policy and implement into the organization to all employees. At 4th section, that is the last section, to conclude the whole assignment. HR department is important for the bigger organization. It is advisable to having a HR department if the organization having more than 50 plus employee.HR department is to handle the personnel stuff in the organization. Regarding the hiring process, training, wages for employees, company policy, all handle by HR department. So that, line managers can focus on their work scope. Every department can perform well in their own work scope. 1.0Â  Introduction The Researcher shows (Aminuddin.2009, p.2) human resource management is the development and implementation of systems in an organization designed to attract, develop and retain a high-performing workforce. HR responsibilities are recruit suitable employees, Arrange the suitable training course to employees, plan the appraisal to the employees, state the compensation and reward policy to match with the employment laws. Keeping the employees’ disciplinary record update also is the HR department job scope. There are some suggestions and details of HR Department function explain to Chief Executive Keith Boardall for persuade him to having HR Department in company better future. 2.0Â  Introduction As per case study, Reed Boardall company is a typical company, 700 plus staff working in the company at different department, include finance, marketing, PR. There are no Human Resource Department in company Reed Boardall. Below are the advantage and disadvantage of company Reed Boardall not to have HR Department. 2.1Â  Advantage of Reed Boardall’s decision 2.1.1 Cost Company need to spend large amount of money to HR department as wage of employees, if the organization does not have HR department, the money can be re-invest on the company business. 2.1.2 Simplified Management If there is no HR Department, the organization can reduce the unnecessary layers bureaucracy. If having HR department, more employee to watch over, and more procedure need to follow. It will causes business owner or manager less authorities to make a decision, and due to the process take long time to settle. The organization not having an HR department will simplifies the management process. 2.13 Time For Solving Problem As per Keith said, if any conflict happened, line manager should do the personnel function and knew the incident clearly, so the line manager can solve the conflict efficiency. 2.2 Disadvantage of Reed Boardall’s decision 2.2.1 Employee Relation Without HR department employee in an organisation may difficult to developing and maintain a good relationship between one and each other. Human resources is the middle person between the owner or management person and the employees. HR Department is a place let employee to say out their unsatisfied regard their work. HR Department will understand the employee. It decreases the gaps between company management and employees and offers employees the opportunity to release their unhappy about the company. If your company does not have human resource department, it must develop a plan to effectively communicate with employees’ concern. 2.2.2Â  Employee Development Another advantage of human resource planning involves employee development. As the human resource department identifies potential employees to promote them to management positions, send them to training, upgrade their skill and promote them.. HR department review employees’ appraisal report, and arrange the promotion. 2.2.3 Simplified Hiring Process When there is lack of manpower in an organizational, managers or owner will be responsible for the recruitment, searching the applicant qualification, select the right candidates for the position. If there is Human resource department, owners and managers can focus on their daily tasks rather than searching for candidates, interviewing them and performing background checks. They can just give the work to the human resources department to focus on the hiring process. 2.3 Conclusion In the conclusion, there have advantage and disadvantage of Executive Keith’s decision to not having HR department. The researcher show (Hill, 2001, p225) if an organisational having less than 50 employees, the organisational should not have an HR Department because it will increase the cost. But in other side, if the organisational having more than 50 employees, the organizational are advisable to have an HR department to manage the employee in the company. If the Organizational have an HR department, the line manger can more concentrate in their work scope, it may lead to the line manager have a better performance in their position. 3.0Â  Introduction Function of HR Department are recruit suitable employees for the organisation, send the suitable employee to the suitable training, arrange the appraisal programs, establish compensation and reward system, concern for safety and health of the employees, establish the organization policy with implementing the employment laws, improving employees’ productivity, and keep the employees’ record up to date. (Hill, 2001) There are some suggestions and details of HR Department’s functions explain to Chief Executive Keith Boardall for persuade him to having HR Department in company to had better future. 3.1 Function of HR Department 3.1.1 Manpower Planning It involves the process of recruit the right candidates for the suitable position for the organization. Beside this, HR Department must plan how many should recruit for each department. HR manager must know the strength and the weakness of the employees; HR manager will design them in the position which employee can perform more productive. Prepare of Contract of employment also is the responsibilities of HR Department. 3.1.2 Training and development HR department need to observe the product knowledge of the employees’, if employee lack of the knowledge, they would not perform well. HR Manager will send the employee to the course training to improve their knowledge, so that they will improve the skill and will performance well and become more productivity. 3.1.3 Determining wages and salaries HR Department will analyst and surveys of the wages for different positions in an organization. HR department will review employee’s qualification, experience, and some family member details. The decision for employees’ wage will be consultaion with finance department also. 3.1.4 Performance Appraisal and promotion Once the employees are recruited, the HR Department has to review their performance on a regular period, to make sure they are improving, keeping employees’ records update. Performance appraisal is the process of observe, analyse and recording information about the work perform of an employee. If the employee is potential to the better position, HR Department will make arrange of training and promotion. 3.1.5Â  Implementing Organizational Policies HR Department has to coordinate with line manager and see that the organizational policies are being apply to all employees. If there are employees against the company policy, or not following the organizational rules and regulation, disciplinary action for them. HR department will implement and conceive all the actions. 3.2 Conclusion In conclusion, HR department have so many functions, and according Hill stated that if an organization having more than 50 employees, are advice to have an HR Department. Hence Company Reed Boardall having 700 plus staff, it consider are big organization. It should have an HR department to management the employee personnel problem. Although line manager know their staff well, but if these let HR department settle will be better put the effort on their 4.0 Conclusion and Recommendations In the conclusion, HR department may adding unnecessary bureaucracy, but in a bigger organization, it prefer have HR department. HR department is the bridge between management and employees. HR department also is a department which supporting the organization to become better. HR department will retain the good employees or productivity in the organization and training them to work for the organization. By process, HR department will keep an eye on those probation employees, record their performance. Some employee will stay the same bad behavior after received warning, so the HR department will take discipline action on these types of employee. Whereas, employees whose not suitable will determined, if they are not work hard. So that, make sure the organization are upgrading and become better and strong. At last, for bigger organization prefer to have HR department. HR department can describe as repair department, because it repairs all the staff to become better and stay at the organization.

The Purpose of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Teaching Tea

The Purpose of Education In attempting to define the true purpose for education, people tend to focus on goals, which differ from one person to another. Most Americans approach education as a means to end. Many focus on the possible social, economic, and political benefits that can come from furthering education. While education certainly is capable of producing amazing results in these specific physical realms, perhaps we shouldn’t focus on its material goals, but rather on its mental impact, which is where reason is derived from. Through the use of reason in the form of education, we will be better able to come to terms with ourselves and our environment, which will bring us closer to reaching our full potentials as human beings. It is our advanced intelligence which makes us unique in this world, and perhaps it is the use of reason which will eventually reveal our true purpose of being. The first step toward reaching our full potential deals with gaining a better understanding of ourselves. Simply by being honest with ourselves and using our given ability to reason, we will be better able to come to terms with what is truly our purpose of living. By concerning ourselves with the absolutes of human nature we will be much closer to reality, opposed to an approach that is simply based on already established ideals. Armed with reason and a good understanding of our own human nature we will be more prepared to understand and react to our ... The Purpose of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Teaching Tea The Purpose of Education In attempting to define the true purpose for education, people tend to focus on goals, which differ from one person to another. Most Americans approach education as a means to end. Many focus on the possible social, economic, and political benefits that can come from furthering education. While education certainly is capable of producing amazing results in these specific physical realms, perhaps we shouldn’t focus on its material goals, but rather on its mental impact, which is where reason is derived from. Through the use of reason in the form of education, we will be better able to come to terms with ourselves and our environment, which will bring us closer to reaching our full potentials as human beings. It is our advanced intelligence which makes us unique in this world, and perhaps it is the use of reason which will eventually reveal our true purpose of being. The first step toward reaching our full potential deals with gaining a better understanding of ourselves. Simply by being honest with ourselves and using our given ability to reason, we will be better able to come to terms with what is truly our purpose of living. By concerning ourselves with the absolutes of human nature we will be much closer to reality, opposed to an approach that is simply based on already established ideals. Armed with reason and a good understanding of our own human nature we will be more prepared to understand and react to our ...

Essay in Social Work Theory

MODULE NAME: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES IN SOCIAL WORK ASSIGNMENT TITLE: Choose at least two social work theories; explain their main principles, advantages and disadvantages and apply them to the assessment, planning and intervention in one of the case studies provided below. Discuss your rationale for choosing the theories selected. Case Study 2: Ramesh Ramesh is 45 year old Sri Lankan man who works as a telephone engineer. He lives alone, but for many years he looked after his elderly mother, who died 18 months ago. Ramesh was recently hospitalized after a suicide attempt.He had been taken anti-depressants for several months before he took an overdose. According to his sister, he had become depressed and was drinking and smoking a lot, and hardly ever eating. He had been taking time off, and at risk of losing his job with BT. His sister says that Ramesh went downhill after the death of their mother, but that she was surprised at this as he always complained about at the things he ha d to do for her when she was alive. The sister has a family of her own, but says that she has tried to involve Ramesh in her family, but he had mostly refused.He had friends who he used to play cricket with, but he has stopped seeing them. He had been saying that there’s nothing to live for, and he wanted to be left alone. Ramesh is due to be released from hospital in two weeks time. WORD COUNT: 3,221 Theory is defined as a set of ideas which can be beliefs or assumptions that guides social work professional to provide high quality practice and work effectively (Oko, 2008:6). A theory represents therefore a tool for social work to use. It also helps workers to make sense of what is happening on people’s life and what can be done to help them.This piece of work aims to explain the main principles, advantages and disadvantages of attachment and crisis intervention theories. Also, how these theoretical frameworks direct workers to carry out assessment, planning and interv ention process and apply them to Ramesh’s case study illustrates above. I will then consider how far these models facilitate anti-oppressive practice in working with service users and why I choose them. To begin with, I will talk about attachment theory. The background of this theory was first developed by Freud.He was a psychoanalyst who viewed the bond between mother and an infant as sexually orientated. â€Å"The bond which links mother to infant is libido† (Holmes 1997:62). According to Freud, an infant expresses anxiety when he or she cannot suck the mother’s breast. During the feeding, an infant â€Å"discharges his libido† (Holmes 1997:62), in consequence the retention of anxiety diminishes. In the contrary, John Bowlby saw attachment between a mother and an infant as a â€Å"psychological bond in its own right not an instinct† (Holmes 1997:63) as Freud has described it.In addition, a child needs a mother to satisfy a physiological need to b e able to cope throughout the life course. According to Bowlby, an infant that experiences separation or loss from the mother can have mental problem in adulthood or juvenile delinquency in childhood. The nature of the bond is about love, affection and a consistent and emotionally invested person in a child. In the absence of love, a child feels disorientated, lost and unhappy. â€Å"I am close to my loved one I feel good, when I am far away, I am anxious, sad or lonely† (Holmes 1997:67).The proximity seeking is essential because a child needs to be comforted when feels distress, for this reason a cuddle or a touch from a love one is a great help. Bowlby also stated that the proximity of the main care giver, who is the mother, is essential. Babies need to feel attached to one person. He argued that the mother was the best person to play that role. According to Bowlby babies have a biological need to form an attachment to a particular person who feeds and cares for them. He ca lled it monotropy. He maintained that this was a survival instinct without it the child would be exposed to danger.This attachment occurs only in a vital period of time, which is the first five years in order to achieve a particular skill. He called this period â€Å"critical period†. The absence of the mother as attachment figure leads to maternal deprivation. Bowlby believed that maternal deprived children were more likely to develop poor social adjustment and difficult relationships in adolescence and adulthood. Subsequent to these others researchers said that it is not the absence of the mother but the presence of conflicts and disruption during the upbringing of children that cause difficulties in late life (Holmes 1997:51).For Bowlby, mothers should be devoted to their children to protect them and care for them. He believed that the interaction between a child and the main care giver helps the child to identify the self and to be ready to explore the world alone. It is called internal working model. It is a process by which a child commences to understand the self with the presence of a care giver or multiple carers leading to a positive internal working model (Holmes, 1997:78). According to Bowlby a secure child has a positive working model.In the contrary, an insecure attached child â€Å"sees himself as ineffective and unworthy of love† (Holmes, 1997:79). Bowlby would have said that Ramesh has a negative internal working model because according to his sister, he said that â€Å"there is nothing to live for and he wanted to be left alone†. He felt insecure, but again it can be argued that Ramesh’s response is explained by his natural emotion that matters to him not because he is an insecure attached child or because of the fact of loss leads to bad thoughts (Holmes, 1997:162).In a cultural point of view, maybe that was his way to mourn his mother’s death. Mourning is defined as a process of correcting the idea that, a bereaved person still feel attached to a love one who is no longer there and of overcoming the loss (Messer & Jones, 2001 :490). Different cultures prescribe different grieving rituals. Maybe Ramesh wanted to express his grieving by being alone. The other key concept of attachment theory is the response of the care giver towards the child in order to determine if a child feels secure or insecure.To understand the relationship between attachment and children’s behaviour, Mary Ainsworth made a reliable naturalistic study in 1960s of mothers and their children in their first year of life. The experience is called â€Å"strange situation†. It is described as follow. A mother and child are introduced to a room with toys. Three minutes later the child is left alone with a stranger then the mother will come again and the child is again left alone without the stranger. The aim of the experience was to see how the child reacts on the presence and absence of the mother as a sec ure base when eft alone with a strange person and the experience lasted twenty minutes (Payne, 2005:82). Five patterns of behaviour were identified: the first one was secure attachment, the second one was insecure avoidant, and the third one was insecure ambivalent, the fourth one was insecure and disorganised and the fifth one was non-attachment. Although this experience was done on a child under stress, the results of attachment are maintained throughout the life cycle. Therefore it helps to understand an adult behaviour when facing separation or bereavement.For instance to be able to understand how Ramesh was related to his mother and what kind of therapeutic strategies to use, a social worker has to consider these patterns of attachment. The fact that Ramesh cannot cope without the mother being around even though he was the one looking after her, can be interpreted as a â€Å"fear of autonomy or compromised†(Holmes1996:20). He had an insecure ambivalent attachment. He was clinged to his mother, she was a secure base moreover her death made him independent and fearful to take back his autonomy and assertiveness.He seems to be showing his anger and pain through drinking, smoking, an overdose of anti-depressant and attempting suicide. He is facing with the loss of a significant attachment figure. Bowlby’s explanation of attachment theory focuses on mother. He did not take into account of the role of the father or a different care giver or multiple care givers. In other cultures, the extended family has an importance in rising up children. Also the socio-economic aspect was not raised by Bowlby. Meaning that for him a father was the main bread winner and a mother had the duties to look after children at home.He did not consider working mothers and single parenting. But again Bowlby’s work was done during the world war 1950’s. Attachment theory did not take into account of individuality. For instance, in a strange situation, differen t children would have reacted differently. Moreover Kagan quoted in psychology and social care suggested that â€Å"avoidant infants are difficult to upset, ambivalent infants are easy to stress and that secure infants are somewhere between these two† (Messer & Jones, 2001:232).But again some people think that, the classification of attachment behaviour patterns are useful to understand children, to trace back childhood history and to be able to understand adults’ actual problems in relation to mental health. Theories give an idea about what is happening in a situation in social work profession. It also directs workers on how they are going to solve problems, what needs to be done in order to resolve the problem. Having saying that, attachment theory helps to understand Ramesh behaviour and attitude. He was admitted to the hospital because of depression.This could be explained by the fact that there is a relationship between bereavement and vulnerability to psychiatric disorder (Holmes, 1996:179). However, social worker will have the task to assist Ramesh in his explorations of his present and past life. The social worker has to understand how Ramesh is coping with the bereavement in his life. In order to do so the worker has to work in partnership with Ramesh, he is the best person to explain how he is feeling and coping, also what needs to be done to solve the problem immediately.Attachment theory helps to understand what is going on in Ramesh’s life. The next step will be to take action to help him. Crisis intervention model is then a practical tool that helps professionals to act efficiently. Crisis intervention was first developed by Roberts who defined it as â€Å"turning points in people’s lives† (Roberts quoted in Payne, 2005: 103). This means that, it is a point of time for deciding something when an individual is faced with an urgent stressful situation such as bereavement, a loss of a closer family member or a loss of job.The response should be then spontaneous. The theory focuses on a limited period of time (four to six weeks) within which a social worker helps and supports a service user who works though bereavement to develop new adaptive ways of coping. It assumes that the society we live in is a smooth society where norms and values are shared and understandable by all. Everyone should fit in it but then again in case an individual experiences distress he or she should find away to resolve it in order to conform.Crisis intervention also states that the life course of all individuals is constituted of many events crisis. According to (Roberts 1995:29) â€Å"A crisis is a period of Psychological disequilibrium and decreased functioning as a result of an event or situation that creates a significant problem which cannot be resolved by using familiar coping strategies†. In addition, people in crisis may experience a host of emotions, including feelings of anxiety, guilt, helplessness and withdrawal from friends and relatives. According to the definition, Ramesh can be considered to be facing crisis.For instance according to the information provided, Ramesh has attempted suicide, he took an overdose of anti-depressants, and he is avoiding his friends. Further to this the sister stated that Ramesh has become depressed and was drinking and smoking a lot. All of this information indicates the breakdown of Ramesh’s psychological equilibrium. The major cause of all these problems is the death of his mother. Ramesh might be scared to take on a new role. This suggests that new approaches must be developed for Ramesh to build his equilibrium.Crisis intervention theoretical method can therefore be applied when working with Ramesh to ensure that he develops new coping mechanisms. It is based on ego psychology derived from a psychologist, Freud and others who helped in the building of his work. It was developed around the observations of Caplan 1965 and others who lo oked at how people coped with a crisis in their lives. Psychodynamic ego psychology is used in crisis intervention to emphasise people’s emotional strengths in dealing with crisis (Payne 2005:98).This theory is a coping mechanism for any crisis situations including domestic violence, mental health, child abuse, drugs or alcohol problems, or the admission to hospital or care home, breakdown of close relationships etc. The crisis poses a major threat to most human beings. The response to this crisis differs from one person to another. For instance, the bereavement can be coped very well with the presence of family members and friends by one person while another whose life centred almost entirely around the dead person may feel that life is not worth and reject the support available as Ramesh did according to his sister.The theory works then towards the provision of opportunity for growth and positive changes following an emotional or physical experience which may lead a person to a break down. The idea of crisis intervention theory is to empower the person and to support them in taking the positives from the situation. Ramesh case study is a typical case where crisis intervention theory is a useful tool to use. There are lots of crisis situations surrounding him which therefore, needs intervention. Intervention has a very active, practical, directive about it.The crisis in Ramesh is not the issue of his mother’s death but rather his perception of and response to this situation. His crisis responses will be seen as drinking, smoking, taking time off the job and not eating enough. Issues raised in this case are that Ramesh is depressed and introverted as described by his sister. Crisis intervention theory suggests that a particular issue in a given crisis might represent a reaction to an issue elsewhere in the same or a connected issue. Going through this hard time might be an unfamiliar situation for him.An action at one point can therefore be expec ted to lead to a reaction elsewhere. If at this point in Ramesh’s life and intervention does not take place, then, he might go back to hospital and maybe end up with a severe mental health problem. I feel that crisis intervention can help Ramesh to develop a new coping mechanism by working through his experiences and feelings so he can see things better and return to stability. Crisis intervention looks at what someone can do rather than cannot do; therefore it is a social model of intervention.This can be achieved through the use of the seven stages of the theory described by Roberts 1995. The first stage is an initial assessment, where Rameh’s risks and safety are identified together with others. If he is thought to be a high danger to himself or to others, referral is made to a psychiatrist for consideration of hospitalisation. In the event of hospitalisation, the intervention proceeds. On the second stage, the worker should establish rapport and appropriate communi cation with Ramesh for him to understand that he â€Å"can overcome current problems and arrive at a satisfactory tomorrow† (Roberts, 1995: 20).This can be done through listening and reassuring him of a stable future. It will also help him in reducing the negatives aspects in his crisis events by structured therapy dealing with the immediate crisis that is taking small steps in dealing with his anxieties. The third stage requires the worker to explore Ramesh’s existing strengths, weaknesses and resources. It is also about identifying the major problems to deal with and addressing them. On the next stage, the worker sets some goals using the strength approach.Providing practical help and assessment of the relevant crisis issues will enable the presenting crisis situation to return to equilibrium. With Ramesh’s situation, focusing on the crisis event but also expanding beyond the factual information to include his current emotions is the first step. His crisis iss ues will be separated in order to decrease his anxieties and to help him make decisions about the smoking, drinking, relationship with his sister and playing cricket with his friends one at a time and for him to be able to define his goals and develop an action plan.In stage five, the worker should implement the plan, teaching new skills or mobilizing other support. Actions that needs to be taken are the use of a counselor to obtain detailed psychological information, identifying the barrier for example, the resilience of socialisation, acknowledgement of his strengths and interest for example playing cricket while addressing the rejection of his sister support. Moreover the elements of psychological ego psychology can also be applied to emphasize Ramesh’s strength in dealing with crisis.This method will be significant because Ramesh seems to be acting unconsciously and has a psychological disequilibrium. For instance, he has been drinking and smoking a lot and hardly eating, also isolating himself from his friends and feeling guilty that he did help his mother enough when she was alive. The therapeutic intervention will assist Ramesh to recognise his painful and repressed feelings. If Ramesh identifies his hidden thoughts and feelings, new coping mechanisms should be established through the mobilization of resources for support such as offering him bereavement counseling.The aim is to reduce continuing unpleasant effects and emotions. Then on the sixth stage, Ramesh together with his counselor need to review the actions that were taken and evaluate their success but to return back to the action if the crisis is not fully resolved. On the final stage, he would also be helped to think about potential future crisis, how they might be addressed and where future support may be found. And if his case is going to be terminated due to success of his actions, his feelings will be process around ending the therapeutic relationship.By providing crisis interventio n, Ramesh learns new ways of coping, sees himself differently and new opportunities for the future whilst being empowered to take control. According to (Thompson 2001:11) â€Å"good practice is not dependent on the use of anyone method or approach, it is more to do with using the methods in an anti-oppressive way†. This means not being only aware of the potential for discrimination and oppression in the worker and service user relationship in social work practice, but also need to constantly look at ways of using the approaches in order to reduce oppression and discrimination.The support helps him to draw out the positives from the changes he experienced. Cognitive behavioural theory also works well with crisis intervention as it comes from the psychological theories of information processing which can also correlate how Ramesh is feeling and coping with the crisis situation. Ramesh will also be aware that decisions should not be made on the basis of one problem alone as it w ill create other problems. My rationale of choosing this theory is that, a limited period of time is given to resolve the crisis and therefore, effective in terms of effort and resources.The sooner Ramesh regains control of his life the better in one hand. On the other hand, good practice takes time. Consequently, an early assessment and intervention are crucial, in order to react effectively to gear towards preventing future crisis. Also crisis intervention can be highly intrusive and directive which can raise number of issues, for example ethical dilemmas and rights such as decision making process. In summary, I have explained attachment and crisis intervention theories and how the first one helps Social Worker to understand human behaviour when facing bereavement.The second approach has a role to play in promoting the anti-oppressive approach in social work practice, by restoring as much control as possible and validating and celebrating service user strengths. It uses elements o f ego-psychology from psychodynamic perspective and promotes the time limited and more focused ways of working with service users. Although, the theories have limitations, they provide frameworks for Social Workers to engage with service users in the most effective way. Bibliography Holmes, J. (1996) Attachment, Intimacy, Autonomy: Using Attachment Theory in Adult Psychotherapy.New Jersey: Book Mart Press. Holmes, J. (1997) John Bowlby and Attachment Theory. London: Routledge. Messer, D & Jones, F. (2001) Psychology and Social Care. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd. Oko, J. (2008) Understanding Social Work Theory. London: Learning Matters. Payne, M. (2005) Modern Social Work Theory. 3rd ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Roberts, A R. (1995) Crisis Intervention and Time-Limited Cognitive Treatment. London: Sage Publication Ltd. Thompson, N. (2001) Anti-discriminatory Practice. 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Biography of Eleanor Roosevelt essays

Biography of Eleanor Roosevelt essays Eleanor Roosevelt is one of the most respected and admired woman of her generation. She was an incredibly compassionate women who cared deeply about others. She accomplished numerous goals throughout her life which helped the welfare of the youth, the poor, and the underprivileged. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born to Anna Hall and Elliot Roosevelt, brother of Theodore Roosevelt, on October 11, 1884 in New York City. Her parents separated when she was young mainly because of her fathers alcoholism (The White House, 2004). Immediately following the separation in 1892 her mother died of diphtheria, an acute infectious disease. Eleanors grandmother raised her and her two brothers after her mothers death while her father rarely saw them (Larsen, 1991). Although Eleanors father suffered from drinking problems, Eleanor idealized him. Her father was severely injured when he fell and had past away in 1894 when Eleanor was ten. While attending Allenswood boarding school in England at the age of fifteen Eleanor meet the headmistress, Marie Souvestre, who greatly encouraged Roosevelt, cultivated her curiosity, and influenced her world view (DiNardo, 2004). Eleanor began her career as a political assistant for her husband, Franklin D. Roosevelt, who served in the state Senate form 1910 to 1913 (The White House, 2004). Eleanor didnt want to sit at home and take care of the children so she joined her husband for his second western campaign tour and traveled with him for three weeks (Larsen, 2004). She learned how to sit and listen to the same speech over and over again while looking excited and attentive. When he was diagnosed with polio in 1921, she took care of him attentively. She traveled countless miles with him or on his behalf in all his campaigns and later considered herself his legs. She became involved in the womens division of the State Democratic Committee to ...

The Roman King L. Tarquinius Priscus According to Livy

The Roman King L. Tarquinius Priscus According to Livy Like the reigns of the kings of Rome who preceded L. Tarquinius Priscus (Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullius Ostilius, and Ancus Marcius), and those who followed him (Servius Tullius, and L. Tarquinius Superbus), the reign of the Roman King L. Tarquinius Priscus is shrouded in legend. The Story of Tarquinius Priscus According to Livy An Ambitious CoupleProud Tanaquil, born to one of the foremost  Etruscan families in Tarquinii (an Etrurian city northwest of Rome) was unhappy with her rich husband, Lucumo not with her husband as a man, but with his social status. On his mothers side, Lucumo was Etruscan, but he was also the son of a foreigner, a Corinthian noble and refugee named Demaratus. Lucumo agreed with Tanaquil that their social status would be enhanced if they moved to a new city, like Rome, where social status wasnt yet measured by genealogy. Their plans for the future seemed to have divine blessing or so thought Tanaquil, a woman trained in at least rudimentary arts of Etruscan divination,* for she interpreted the omen of an eagle swooping down to place a cap on Lucumos head as the gods selection of her husband as a king. Upon entering the city of Rome, Lucumo took the name of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus. His wealth and behavior won Tarquin important friends, including the king, Ancus, who, in his will, appointed Tarquin guardian of his children. Ancus ruled for twenty-four years, during which time his sons almost grew up. After Ancus died, Tarquin, acting as a guardian, sent the boys on a hunting trip, leaving him free to canvass for votes. Successful, Tarquin persuaded the people of Rome that he was the best choice for king. * According to Iain McDougall, this is the only truly Etruscan trait Livy mentions in connection with Tanaquil. Divination was a mans occupation, but women could have learned certain common basic signs. Tanaquil may otherwise be viewed as a woman of the Augustan age. The Legacy of L. Tarquinius Priscus - Part ITo garner political support, Tarquin created 100 new senators. Then he waged war against the Latins. He took their town of Apiolae and, in honor of the victory, started the Ludi Romani (Roman Games), which consisted of boxing and horse racing. Tarquin marked out for the Games the spot that became the Circus Maximus. He also established viewing spots, or fori (forum), for the patricians and knights. ExpansionThe Sabines soon attacked Rome. The first battle ended in a draw, but after Tarquin increased the Roman cavalry he defeated the Sabines and forced an unequivocal surrender of Collatia. The king asked, Have you been sent as envoys and commissioners by the people of Collatia to make the surrender of yourselves and the people of Collatia? We have. And is the people of Collatia an independent people? It is. Do you surrender into my power and that of the People of Rome yourselves, and the people of Collatia, your city, lands, water, boundaries, temples, sacred vessels all things divine and human? We do surrender them. Then I accept them.Livy Book I Chapter: 38 Soon he set his sights on Latium. One by one, the towns capitulated. The Legacy of L. Tarquinius Priscus - Part IIEven before the Sabine War, he had started to fortify Rome with a stone wall, Now that he was at peace he continued. In areas where water couldnt drain he built drainage systems to empty into the Tiber. Son-in-lawTanaquil interpreted another omen for her husband. A boy who may have been a slave was sleeping when flames surrounded his head. Instead of dousing him with water, she insisted he be left untouched until he woke of his own accord. When he did, the flames disappeared. Tanaquil told her husband that the boy, Servius Tullius would be a light to us in trouble and perplexity, and a protection to our tottering house. From then on, Servius was raised as their own and in time was given Tarquins daughter as wife a sure sign that he was the preferred successor. This angered the sons of Ancus. They figured the odds of their winning the throne were greater if Tarquin were dead than Servius, so they devised and carried out Tarquins assassination. With Tarquin dead from an ax through the head, Tanaquil devised a plan. She would deny to the public that her husband was mortally wounded while Servius would carry on as the king pro-temp, pretending to consult with Tarquin on various issues. This plan worked for a while. In time, word spread of Tarquins death. However, by this time Servius was already in control. Servius was the first king of Rome who was not elected. Kings of Rome 753-715 Romulus715-673 Numa Pompilius673-642 Tullus Hostilius642-617 Ancus Marcius616-579 L. Tarquinius Priscus578-535 Servius Tullius (Reforms)534-510 L. Tarquinius Superbus

Comparing domestic and internation news reports Essay

Comparing domestic and internation news reports - Essay Example A recent survey of the National Center for Health Statistics shows that as of year 2002, there is "an estimated 757,000 pregnancies among teenagers ages 15 to 19 years although it is nine percent fewer than in 2000 and about one-fourth fewer than the peak number estimated for 1990 which is 1,017,000" (Ventura, Abma, Mosher, & Henshaw, 2007). While a decline in statistics of teenage pregnancy has been noted, the number is still high and should not be taken for granted. How are parents, the academe, and the teenagers deal with it And, how is it presented to the public through the news published in various newspapers To be able to determine the answer to these questions, I consulted San Diego State University's Online Library for two news articles on teenage pregnancy written in publications in the United States and another two from Asian newspapers. An article by Kim Vo on San Jose Mercury News carries this headline: "District introduces new sex education program" (2005). Vo's news story tackles the importance of a newer and innovative approach on teaching sex education even towards the elementary pupils. The news has been written in a factual yet sensitive manner, taking into consideration the views of the parents, the students, the teenage mothers, and the academe. This was published on 2005. Two years later, The Houston Chronicle published a more straightforward news article on teenage pregnancy with a headline: "Baytown teens plan pregnancy forum" ("Baytown Teens," 2007). Contrary to San Jose Mercury News' story, the statistics and background of teenage pregnancy is no longer included in the recent article. It shows that the youth are already active in taking part to arrest the problem with unwanted pregnancies during puberty. The two articles mentioned are both published in the United States. Not much difference has been noted on the grammatical structure of the headlines; however, the second story could have been more compelling if the writer included some statistics on teenage pregnancy incidence in the area. As a reader, I "felt" the article on San Jose Mercury News more than the one published by The Houston Chronicle, because of the manner in which the first article is presented. Meanwhile, in Asia, which is known to be conservative, teenage pregnancies have also ballooned. Experts have openly discussed ways to salvage the youth from this alarming situation. In Taiwan, the Central News Agency - Taiwan reports on the very high incidence of teenage pregnancy in the area. However, instead of directly stating that Taiwan's teenagers have gotten pregnant more often than Japanese or a South Korean girl had, journalist Lilian Wu writes about the proposed solution to the problem. The article has this headline: "Sex education needed to address teenage pregnancy: Expert" (Wu, 2007). The news also opens with a lead on the sex education expert's view on the reason of high incidence of

How a Person's Employment Affects a Person's Identity Essay

How a Person's Employment Affects a Person's Identity - Essay Example It shows how students find familiar cultural identity with other Hispanic students of the same group. External factors such as policies, roles and regulations of an employment influence the identity and position of an individual in the society, and are discussed aptly in this unit. Orwell’s Shooting an Elephant is an outstanding example that shows how individual’s identity is affected by the kind of work they do. The Orwell’s Shooting an Elephant creates a central idea about identity and position in society. The core idea it depicts is that an identity of person is profoundly determined by external factors an individual experiences daily. Orwell tells how he struggled to make a choice when imposed to kill an elephant by the public. He did not wish to kill the elephant, since he perceived the act as evil. This proves how employment plays a huge task in influencing the individual’s identity. The position of Orwell is perceived as to be that of slay mainly be cause of his role as a security man. Thus, it is affirmed that Orwell’s literary work shows that external factors remarkably determine the identity and position of an individual. Orwell was justified in shooting the elephant since it had killed an individual who was had goals and targets to achieve. The elephant had destroyed properties that cost the populace money to have them. His action was corresponded to the British laws at the moment and a security officer; it was his duty to maintain peace. Killing the elephant also provided food for the society. It is true that Orwell’s confusion and indecision affect his behavior as a person of authority in a number of ways. Confusion and indecisiveness causes him to make a regrettable decision because of the pressure exerted on him at the time the crowd had surrounded. If he could have made up his mind earlier, he could have made a principled decision despite pressure from the Burmese populace. â€Å"The people expected it o f me and I had got to do it†¦an absurd puppet pushed to and fro by the will of those yellow faces behind† (Orwell, 7). As a person of authority, he had the role to guide the populace on making the right decision in society instead of being influenced by the illiterate populace. There are consequences Orwell and society face when he shoots the elephant that dies a dawdling and excruciating demise in front of them. The consequence Orwell face is guilt because of the decision he claims was forced on him. Orwell feels apologetic as he watches the elephant die a relentless death vulnerably. He laments and regrets stating that it was against his will since he did not fancy to be seen as a fool. â€Å"Was all for the Burmese and all against their oppressors, the British† (Orwell, 2) The society faces the consequence of demolishing wildlife in their country, which is a lucrative foreign earner for the country. The killing of the elephant reduces and limits the number of wi ldlife animals in the community, hence reducing the chances thriving in the sector of tourism. The time that elapsed from the moment Orwell got the gun until the elephant was shot was about more than an hour since he had to look for it manually. Time affects Orwell’s decision of shooting the elephant, which makes him a wrong decision that torments after shooting. There was a short time for him to think openly in a relaxed manner on whether to shoot the elephant. The limited time did not offer him a chance to reflect on the preeminent approach in